Showing posts with label Armenia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Armenia. Show all posts

In Memoriam of Richard GIRAGOSIAN

Richard GIRAGOSIAN
20.09.2026. Caucasian Journal is deeply saddened by the passing of Richard GIRAGOSIAN, Founding Director of the Regional Studies Center (RSC) in Yerevan and a long-standing colleague, partner, and friend of our journal.

Richard died suddenly in Istanbul on 19 September, at the age of 61, while travelling for a professional meeting and in the midst of his active work as an analyst and researcher. His passing is all the more difficult to comprehend because he remained deeply engaged in the issues and professional dialogue to which he had devoted so much of his life.

Richard was one of the most recognisable independent analysts of the South Caucasus. For more than three decades, he worked on international security, regional geopolitics, Armenia’s foreign and security policy, conflict resolution, and the evolving relationships between the South Caucasus and the wider international community.

After moving to Armenia in 2006, Richard worked with and advised a wide range of international institutions, including the European Union, the OSCE, the Asian Development Bank, the U.S. Departments of State and Defense, and the French Ministry of Defense. He also taught and lectured at institutions including the NATO Defense College in Rome and Yerevan State University.

Pegor PAPAZIAN: "TUMO Kutaisi represents an interesting public-private partnership model"

Pegor Papazian for Caucasian Journal25.08.2026 (Caucasian Journal) We are glad to reconnect today with Pegor PAPAZIAN, Co-Founder and Chief Development Officer of the TUMO Center for Creative Technologies in Armenia. We meet on the occasion of the launch of the new TUMO Center in Kutaisi, Georgia, to discuss TUMO's evolving footprint across the region.

A key architect of TUMO's global expansion, self-learning ecosystem, and educational vision, Pegor previously spoke with Caucasian Journal in 2022 about TUMO's "super-goal" of democratizing cutting-edge digital education for every teenager (read our previous interview with Pegor Papazian here).

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of Caucasian Journal: Caucasian Journal has been following TUMO’s journey in Georgia from the beginning. For a while, though, establishing a permanent footprint here seemed to move at a different tempo compared to TUMO’s rapid expansion elsewhere internationally, despite geographical proximity. What finally broke the dam? Was there a specific moment, a political signal, or a shift in intergovernmental dynamics that turned a long-standing dialogue into the Kutaisi reality?

Pegor PAPAZIAN:  I would not point to a single moment or signal. What finally made the difference was the convergence of several factors that had been developing over time.

Karel LANNOO: “We Europeans are happy that Armenia wants to join the EU – we will do all we can to bring them in”

Karel Lannoo at Caucasian Journal

16.05.2026 (Caucasian Journal). The Caucasian Journal’s guest today is Karel LANNOO, the Chief Executive Officer of the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), one of Europe’s most influential and highly-ranked think tanks. Mr. Lannoo has led CEPS since 2000, and is a regular voice in European Parliament hearings and major policy debates. 

He has recently returned from Yerevan, where he participated in discussions at the eighth European Political Community summit and the Yerevan Dialogue.

To be the first to view exclusive interviews, please subscribe here to our YouTube Channel.


Thomas de Waal: "The Age of Conflict Has Indeed Passed" (video)

Thomas de Waal during the interview with Caucasian Journal
08.03.2026 (Caucasian Journal). In this insightful interview, Caucasian Journal welcomes Thomas de WAAL,  senior fellow at Carnegie Europe and one of the world's foremost experts on the South Caucasus. Reflecting on over three decades of experience, de Waal discusses the profound shifts reshaping the region following the mass exodus of the Armenian community from Nagorno-Karabakh—a scenario that once seemed unthinkable. He shares a cautiously optimistic view, suggesting that while the human tragedy is immense, the "age of conflict" between Armenia and Azerbaijan may finally be giving way to a new era of normalization.

The conversation delves into the critical challenges ahead, from the fate of Armenian detainees in Baku to Prime Minister Pashinyan’s precarious political standing ahead of the June 2026 elections. De Waal also analyzes the "American moment" in the region, including the strategic implications of the Trump Route for International Peace and Prosperity (TRIPP). Whether the South Caucasus can transform into a stable, integrated transit hub or remains a "sandwich" between rival powers is the central question of this timely discussion.

To be the first to view exclusive interviews, please subscribe here to our YouTube Channel.


Samvel MELIKSETYAN: “The present era is a test of maturity for the elites of Armenia and Azerbaijan”

04.02.2026 (Caucasian Journal) Today’s guest is Samvel MELIKSETYAN, a political analyst and expert at the Armenian Council (formerly Research Center on Security Policy, RCSP) in Yerevan, specializing in South Caucasus affairs. His work focuses on regional connectivity and the historical, demographic, and ethnic dimensions of the Armenian–Azerbaijani conflict.
 
Samvel MELIKSETYAN for Caucasian JournalSamvel has been directly involved in recent Peace Bridge Initiative roundtables held in both Baku and Yerevan, giving him a rare, firsthand perspective on current civil dialogue efforts at a time of profound uncertainty in the region.  (For the Azerbaijani perspective, please see our recent interview here)

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of Caucasian Journal: Dear Samvel, welcome to Caucasian Journal! You recently took part in Peace Bridge Initiative roundtables in both Baku and Yerevan. How did these meetings feel—both as an expert, and on a personal level?

Samvel MELIKSETYAN:  Hello, and thank you for the invitation! Over the past three decades, Armenian–Azerbaijani meetings at the level of experts, media representatives, and other civil society sectors, supported by various international peace initiatives and organizations, have taken place mainly in Georgia or European countries. Therefore, the format itself was not unfamiliar, and almost everyone in the groups already knew some participants from previous initiatives.
 

Rusif HUSEYNOV: “Direct Armenian–Azerbaijan Engagement Is a Genuine Breakthrough”

Rusif HUSEYNOV
20.01.2026 (Caucasian Journal) Today, the Caucasian Journal welcomes Dr. Rusif HUSEYNOV, a distinguished Azerbaijani political analyst and the co-founder and CEO of the Baku-based think tank, the Topchubashov Center. He has first-hand knowledge of key developments not only in Baku but across all regional directions.

A widely cited expert, Dr. Huseynov offers an essential regional perspective on the evolving dialogue around security, economic development, and international engagement in the Caucasus. We are pleased to ask him a series of interview questions. 

(For the Armenian perspective, please see our interview here)

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of Caucasian Journal: Dear Rusif, welcome to Caucasian Journal! Let’s begin with what many observers consider the most remarkable development of the past months: the unprecedented thaw between Azerbaijani and Armenian civil societies. You took part in the recent forums in both Baku and Yerevan. What moments or impressions struck you most personally? What emotion or mood defined the atmosphere?

Rusif HUSEYNOV:  Although Armenian and Azerbaijani experts—including myself—have been in regular contact for several years across various platforms facilitated by different organizations, this direct bilateral engagement represents a genuine breakthrough. I feel privileged to be part of this bilateral framework bringing together Armenian and Azerbaijani experts under the Peace Bridge initiative, within which participants made reciprocal visits to Yerevan and Baku in October and November.

Sebastian SCHÄFFER: “The best way to preserve freedom is European integration” (watch video or read)

Sebastian SCHÄFFER at Caucasian Journal
13.10.2025 (Caucasian Journal). Today, Caucasian Journal is pleased to welcome Dr. Sebastian SCHÄFFER, Director of the Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe (IDM) in Vienna, Austria — one of Europe’s oldest and most respected think tanks, dedicated for over 70 years to fostering cooperation, research, and dialogue across Central and Eastern Europe.
 
▶ ქართულად: The Georgian version is here.

To be the first to view exclusive interviews, please subscribe here to our YouTube Channel


The full text version of the interview is below:

Sebastian SCHÄFFER: “THE BEST WAY TO PRESERVE FREEDOM IS EUROPEAN INTEGRATION”

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of CJ: Today, CJ is pleased to welcome Dr. Sebastian SCHÄFFER, Director of the Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe (IDM) in Vienna, Austria. Welcome to the Caucasian Journal, Sebastian! You are the head of this Vienna-based think-tank, studying Central and Eastern Europe for many years. How can you introduce IDM to our viewers and readers today? 
   
Sebastian SCHÄFFER: First of all, thank you very much for the invitation. It's a great pleasure to talk to you today, and I'm very honored that we have this opportunity.  If I were to briefly describe what we are doing, we are centered around what we call “5 P's”. Out of these P's the most important is our Platform. We work with 19 different countries in the wider Danube region, and we have institutions that we work together. 

The Armenia-Azerbaijan TRIPP Agreement: Experts Offer Analysis

13.08.2025 (Caucasian Journal) The recent breakthrough agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan, brokered with the assistance of the U.S. President, which establishes the "Trump Route for International Peace and Prosperity (TRIPP)"—also known unofficially as the Zangezur Corridor— has prompted a range of mixed reactions. 

In Georgia, the deal has caused a particular divide. While political rivals like current Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze and former President Salome Zourabichvili have found a rare moment of unity in welcoming the development, former President Mikheil Saakashvili has called it "the most serious geopolitical catastrophe for Georgia."

Today, the Caucasian Journal is presenting the opinions of international experts. We reached out to them to answer the following two questions:

▶ What are the likely long-term political and economic consequences of this agreement for Georgia?

▶ With a renewed and visible U.S. diplomatic presence in the region, do you believe the South Caucasus will ultimately benefit from this changed geopolitical situation both in the region and beyond?

Zangezur - TRIPP map



Ambassador Ashot SMBATYAN: "Friendly relations between Armenia and Georgia have reached their political peak"

Ashot SMBATYAN 2025
29.07.2025 (Caucasian Journal) The Caucasian Journal is pleased to welcome His Excellency Ashot SMBATYAN, the Ambassador of Armenia to Georgia, for our second interview.

Since the Ambassador’s previous interview in 2023, significant developments have occurred in Armenia, the South Caucasus, and globally. We hope to address all major topics in this conversation.

▶ Հայերեն. Read the Armenian version here.
▶ ქართულად: Read the Georgian version here.

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of CJ: Your Excellency, since we are in Tbilisi, let’s begin with Armenia–Georgia relations. Our countries now have a Strategic Partnership Agreement signed about 18 months ago. Beyond its evident symbolic weight, what tangible results have been recorded, and what future initiatives are being developed? In addition to political and economic dimensions, could you also comment on military cooperation as outlined in the agreement signed last year by the defense ministers of Armenia and Georgia?

Ashot SMBATYAN: Yes, you are absolutely right, for over 30 years now, the friendly relations between Armenia and Georgia have reached their political peak, and in January 2024, the Prime Ministers of Armenia and Georgia signed the Joint Declaration on Establishing a Strategic Partnership between the Republic of Armenia and Georgia in Tbilisi. This elevated our relations to a qualitatively new level and laid the foundation for further deepening of bilateral ties in various fields.

Sjur BERGAN: “I don't think you can have democracy without good education” (watch video or read)

Sjur BERGAN Caucasian Journal
24.07.2025 (Caucasian Journal). What is the relationship between education and democracy? Why is EU membership important for education? 

The Caucasian Journal has a rare opportunity to pose these and other questions to Sjur BERGAN, one of Europe's leading education policymakers. He served as the head of the Council of Europe's Education Department for many years and played a pivotal role in shaping European higher education policy. Previously, he represented the CoE in the Bologna Follow-Up Group for over two decades, chaired the working groups on structural reforms, and was the main author of the landmark Lisbon Recognition Convention.

▶ ქართულად: The Georgian version is here.

To be the first to view exclusive interviews, please subscribe here to our YouTube Channel


The full text version of the interview is below:

Sjur BERGAN: “I DON'T THINK YOU CAN HAVE DEMOCRACY WITHOUT GOOD EDUCATION”

Alkis DRAKINOS: “The three Caucasian countries are the perfect conduit for trade between Asia and Europe”

Alkis Drakinos
26.06.2025. (Caucasian Journal) The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), a key driver of economic development in Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean, is also an active player in the South Caucasus. The Bank's investments in private enterprise, infrastructure, and sustainable development are very significant. 

Today, we are privileged to interview Alkis Vryenios DRAKINOS, Director and Regional Head of the Caucasus for the EBRD, who began his tenure in Tbilisi in 2023. 

▶ ქართულად: The Georgian version is here.

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of Caucasian Journal: Dear Alkis, welcome to Caucasian Journal! Thank you for your time. You’re no stranger to our region, correct? Could you begin by sharing your professional background and previous experience in the South Caucasus?

Alkis DRAKINOS: Dear Alexander, many thanks for inviting me to the Caucasian Journal. I see it as a privilege to have the opportunity to share my experience and views with your readers. Yes, you're right, I'm not a stranger to the Caucasus. I first visited the region 30 years ago when I was a young Associate Banker at the EBRD, and it all started here in Tbilisi! This was my first professional visit bearing the business card of EBRD in a country of operations of the Bank, and it marked me for life.
     

Toyota: Weaving the Future from Mount Fuji to the Caucasus

30.01.2025 (Caucasian Journal). In the summer of 2019, the Caucasian Journal was excited to publish a detailed article about a groundbreaking plan to start producing the first electric cars in the Caucasus region. The first Georgia-made electric vehicles (EVs) were expected to roll out of the plant in Kutaisi in December 2019, but unfortunately, this did not happen. Since then, environmental challenges in our region and potential "green" solutions have remained a priority for us.

Meanwhile, the environmental situation in the region has continued to deteriorate, primarily due to the growing automotive fleet. The transport sector is the largest source of CO2 emissions, accounting for 40 percent of total energy-related CO2 emissions, according to a recent report of the International Energy Agency. 

Toyota Woven City
Toyota Woven City. Image: Toyota
The Georgia Alliance for Safe Roads, a non-governmental organization, has emphasized that the issue extends beyond fuel distribution and poses risks to human health. It seems vital to shift to less carbon-intensive modes of transport, particularly electric and other alternative-powered vehicles.

▶ ქართულად: The Georgian version is here.


Can Technology Help?

What alternatives do Georgia—and the South Caucasus in general—have in the near future to improve the environment and ensure healthier conditions for its people? 

Nordic Education Cooperation with Georgia & Armenia: A new Nordic Talk by Caucasian Journal

Nordic Talk - Caucasian Journal 2025
15.01.2025 (Caucasian Journal). Since its inception in 2019, our journal has placed a strong emphasis on the education sector. As Georgia and Armenia take steps towards closer European integration, the importance of Western education models continues to grow. This time, we aim to explore Nordic education by examining cooperation projects involving the Nordic countries, Georgia, and Armenia as case studies. This is the focus of our upcoming Nordic Talk—a free online discussion scheduled for January 23 and 24. 

You are welcome to join our two Zoom sessions (invite links are provided below).

Previously, our journal successfully organized the first Georgia-Norway Nordic Talk in 2021, focusing on university education in clean energy, and another in 2022 involving Georgia, Armenia, Norway, and Sweden on waste management. 

Our new Nordic Talk will consist of two Zoom sessions with open attendance:

How to Make Maximum of Nordic Experience in Education? Case of Nordic Cooperation with Georgia and Armenia

Talk I: Primary education, with a focus on inclusivity.
January 23, 13:30 Tbilisi and Yerevan time /  10:30 Oslo and Stockholm time
How to attend:   Zoom link; Facebook event link

Jeanne CAVELIER: "Georgia is moving further and further away from satisfactory press freedom, and therefore from democracy and EU path"

23.05.2024 (Caucasian Journal). Our guest today is Jeanne CAVELIER, head of Eastern Europe & Central Asia Desk at Reporters Without Borders (
Jeanne Cavelier
Photo: RSF/Manon Levet
Reporters sans frontières, RSF). Previously Ms. Cavelier worked for renowned French newspapers such as L’Opinion and Le Monde.

▶ ქართულად: Read the Georgian version here.

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of CJ:  Dear Jeanne, welcome to the Caucasian Journal, thank you for attention to our readers. This year's Press Freedom Day was not a proud moment for Georgia. According to the fresh edition of your World Press Freedom Index, our press freedom has declined by 43 positions in three years: From the 60th position in 2021 to 103 this year. Your Index has been shedding light on press freedom since 2002. How precise is it in general, and how alarming is Georgia’s decline, compared to other countries?

Jeanne CAVELIER: Georgia is moving further and further away from a satisfactory press freedom environment, and therefore from democracy and its path of the EU. It is now ranked 103rd out of 180 countries, and changed categories in our last edition, moving from a “problematic” situation for press freedom to a “difficult” one. The trend is worrying: No other country in the region (Caucasus, Turkey and Russia) has fallen as much as Georgia in the ranking for 10 years. RSF Index relies on a solid methodology to compare diverse situations in 180 countries and covers all areas of press freedom. It is based on an analysis of 5 indicators: political context, legal framework, economic context, socio-cultural context and security. The lowest scores of Georgia are political and economic ones. It shows a growing authoritarianism. Press freedom is being threatened by the very people who should be its guarantors - the political authorities. That’s a worrying trend we observe worldwide this year. The low score of Georgia for the economic context is in particular due to a lack of ownership transparency and editorial independence of the media outlets. 

The trend is worrying: No other country in the region has fallen as much as Georgia in the ranking for 10 years.

Johnny MELIKYAN: Armenian “Crossroads of Peace” initiative is a frank and peaceful approach to our neighbors and not only

J.Melikyan
05.03.2024 (Caucasian Journal)  Our today's guest is Johnny MELIKYAN, Senior Fellow at the ORBELI Research Analytical Center (Yerevan).

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of Caucasian Journal: Dear Johnny, welcome to Caucasian Journal! As our name implies, we are especially interested in projects which are important for the whole South Caucasian region, and are about closer integration of our countries. That’s why we were looking forward to talking about the “Crossroads of Peace”, presented by the Prime Minister of Armenia in Tbilisi, when Mr. Pashinyan attended the Silk Road Forum last October. For a start, how can you summarize this project for our readers? And also, may I ask if your Center was involved in the development of this project?

Johnny MELIKYAN: First of all, I want to thank you for the opportunity to talk about Armenia and our approach to this wonderful, but at the same time, so complicated and divided region. Answering on the last part of your question, I would say “Yes” - Orbeli Center is working with our government on information support for this project. And this interview is yet another opportunity to speak with a large audience about the Armenian peaceful agenda in the South Caucasus.

Speaking about the situation in the region, I want to say that the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War in the autumn of 2020 changed the status-quo, which was formed in the mid-90s, just after the first Nagorno-Karabakh war. It took the lives of thousands of people in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. The wounds and pains of that war on families, towns and villages will take a long time to heal. Its outcome determined some issues, left others unresolved, and created some new ones. Later, in 2021-2022, on the Armenian-Azerbaijani state border and in September 2023 in Nagorno-Karabakh, we saw more blood and sufferings. As a result of September 19-20 Azerbaijani large-scale aggression against the people of Nagorno-Karabakh, which took hundreds of lives, including among the civilian population, women and children. As a result of this ethnic cleansing, more than 100 thousand people became forcibly displaced.

Eastern Partnership Index 2023: "A dose of realism is needed"

EAP
25.01.2024 (Caucasian Journal). The new Eastern Partnership Index, published yesterday, grabs the reader's attention immediately with a stunning cover image - the famous photograph with a EU flag, taken in Tbilisi during the 2023's standoff in front of the Parliament building. 

The content of the 200-page report reflects important - and often alarming - tendencies in Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Moldova, Ukraine, and Belarus - the six Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries. 

Marking its 9th edition, the publication tracks the reform progress made in the fields of democracy, good governance, rule of law, policy convergence and sustainable development between September 2021 and November 2023. It shows how Russia’s war impacts reforms in the EaP countries, and the different levels of these countries' approximation of with the European Union.

"The pace at which Moldova, Ukraine as well as Georgia gained their EU candidate status has been breathtaking", - reads the Index. "Whilst this positive momentum should be celebrated, the results of the EaP Index indicate that a dose of realism is also needed."

For Georgia (ranked 3rd overall), the Index’ results sadly demonstrate "a significant downwards drift, if not a sharp plunge in many areas which reflects the country’s political polarisation".

Up to €300,000 EU funding for literary translations – open to Armenia, Georgia and Ukraine

Translator
16.01.2024 (Caucasian Journal). The EU-funded Creative Europe programme has launched a call to support the translation, promotion and circulation of European literary works of fiction, including novels, poetry, comics etc. 

The scheme, with a total budget of €5 million, will provide funding for 40 projects.

Interested organisations can apply individually or as members of a consortium, with a minimum two eligible organisations. Works of fiction in languages from countries taking part in the Creative Europe programme, including Armenia, Georgia and Ukraine, are eligible. 

Applicants can apply with projects of different sizes, with these different ceilings for the number of books translated and funding received:
  • Small scale: projects proposing translation of up to 10 different books can receive up to €100,000;
  • Medium scale: projects proposing translation of up to 20 different books can receive up to €200,000;
  • Large scale: projects proposing translation of at least 21 different books can receive up to €300,000.

Sergei Parajanov at 100: Cult film director and symbol of Armenian and Georgian art fusion

Parajanov Yerevan
A statue of  Parajanov unveiled today in Yerevan 
09.01.2024 (Caucasian Journal). Caucasian Journal today joins in the celebration of 100 years since birth of Sergei PARAJANOV - world famous film director, who also symbolizes the interconnection and interdependence of  the Armenian, Georgian, and all Caucasian art and culture. 

"In the temple of cinema, there are images, light and reality. Sergei Parajanov was the master of that temple," - said Jean-Luc Godard, arguably the most influential French filmmaker.

Sergei Parajanov (1924–1990) was indeed a multifaceted and influential figure in the world of cinema, known for his unique artistic vision and a body of work that remains highly regarded. Born in Tbilisi, to Armenian parents, Parajanov's life and career were marked by a rich blend of cultural influences from both Georgia and Armenia.

The Parajanov’s anniversary is included in the UNESCO list of anniversaries of outstanding personalities, and is celebrated worldwide, including Yerevan and Tbilisi. A statue of  Parajanov was unveiled today in Yerevan, in the area adjacent to the Cinema House (see photo). Yerevan municipality is planning  to name the square where the statue is placed The Color of Pomegranates Square -  in honor of Sergei Parajanov’s film entitled "The Color of Pomegranates". In Tbilisi, IArt Gallery is organizing a special event in honor of the maestro. 

European competition welcomes performing art professionals from Armenia and Georgia

Perform Europe
08.01.2024 (Caucasian Journal) Are you - or a friend of yours - a performing arts professional living in Georgia, Armenia, or the rest of Europe? If yes, read on: This is an opportunity for you and your friends.  

Perform Europe, a European funding scheme supported by the European Union, has  launched an open call offering €2.1 million for performing arts partnerships to collaborate across borders within the 40 Creative Europe countries, including Armenia and Georgia.

The call is open to all performing arts professionals and organisations in Creative Europe countries. The applications should be submitted by partnerships with a minimum of three partners from three different Creative Europe countries. 

Applicants can apply for grants in three categories: €12,000, €32,000 or €60,000. The deadline for submitting applications is 31 March. To read full details and apply click here. 

Ambassador Ashot SMBATYAN: “Our initiative will turn South Caucasus into crossroads between East and West, North and South, as it used to be for centuries"

Ashot SMBATYAN
07.12.2023 (Caucasian Journal) It is an honour for Caucasian Journal to welcome His Excellency Ashot SMBATYAN, the Ambassador of Armenia to Georgia and Hungary.

▶ Հայերեն. Read the Armenian version here.
▶ ქართულად:  Read the Georgian version here.

Alexander KAFFKA, editor-in-chief of CJ: Your Excellency, welcome to Caucasian Journal. This interview is special for us, because one of the aims of our journal is to support the centuries-old ties between the peoples in our region, to share the achievements, and to discuss the solutions to the problems.  So, when I was planning the concept of this interview, I wanted to suggest two main themes to discuss: The implications of the latest developments in Nagorno-Karabakh, and the relations with Georgia. You are welcome to correct me by guiding me to other subjects, but let me start by expressing the empathy to over 100,000 Armenians who had to leave Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh), and at this moment are very far from their homes. How would you comment on this – both as a diplomat and as a person?

Ashot SMBATYAN: First, let me thank you for this opportunity. It has been a year since I have been appointed the Ambassador of the Republic of Armenia to Georgia, and I believe that this is a good opportunity to sum up the progress we have had during this year.

I would also like to thank you for your kind words of support regarding the tragedy that happened to the people of Nagorno-Karabakh, it is important to hear these words in friendly Georgia. Indeed, the aggression unleashed by Azerbaijan against the people of Nagorno-Karabakh, followed by forcible displacement of the entire indigenous population of Nagorno-Karabakh was nothing but an ethnic cleansing, which should have been strongly condemned by the international community. Unfortunately, we have witnessed how 100,000 people were forcibly displaced from their homeland by Azerbaijan.